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Database Administrator (DBA): responsible for the
planning, implementation, configuration,
and administration of relational
database management systems. Database
administrators are normally proficient
with one or more popular database
software packages, such as Oracle or
Microsoft SQL Server, and are normally
familiar with one or more database query
languages, such as SQL or MySQL.
Database administrators sometimes hold
certifications such as Certifed Oracle
Database Administrator.
Database Analyst:
responsible for designing and developing
an organization's data flow models and
database architecture. Although a
database analyst may sometimes share
administrative responsibilities with
database administrators, analysts are
normally responsible for designing the
database schema which an organization
will use to store and move
business-critical data.
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Hardware Engineer:
responsible for the specification and
design of computer and communications
hardware components. Hardware engineers
normally use specialized Computer-Aided
Design (CAD) tools and powerful modeling
software to create specifications and
designs for new or improved computer and
communications components, such as the
Intel Pentium III processor or the
microprocessor which powers a cellular
telephone. Hardware engineering normally
requires a significant background in
electrical or electronics engineering,
computer science, or materials
engineering and training in the use of
CAD equipment to model hardware designs.
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Help Desk Technician:
responsible primarily for supporting
end-user software applications, normally
done remotely via telephone. Help desk
techs within an organization are often
called upon to perform duties similar to
those of PC Support Specialists, as
well. Help desk technicians are normally
trained to support specific software
applications, but may sometimes receive
a general certification from an
organization like the Help Desk
Institute for more general computer-user
support functions.
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Information Systems Manager:
responsible for managing an
organization's overall internal
information technology architecture. IS
managers (also called IT managers, for
Information Technology managers) are
responsible for the day-to-day
management of an organization's
information systems, including
databases, operating systems, networks,
technical support, and PC and server
maintenance. They normally supervise the
other members of the IS staff, including
the network administration teams,
database administration teams, PC
support and tech support specialists,
and programmers. They are also
responsible for the budgetary and
financial aspects of running the IS
group, and often interface with vendors
and consultants to purchase hardware,
software, and services.
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Internetworking Engineer:
responsible for managing and maintaining
the networking architecture for an
organization's Web site and Wide Area
Network (WAN) connectivity. Also called
an Internet Engineer for short,
internetworking engineers oversee the
maintenance and design of an
organization's links between it's Local
Area Network, Wide Area Network and
Intranet and the Internet. Internet
engineers are normally focused on
specialized networking hardware and
software like routers, bridges, and
firewalls, and may have a certification
such as the Cisco Certified
Internetworking Expert.
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Multimedia Developer:
responsible for developing rich
multimedia content for delivery over the
World Wide Web or via a software
application. Multimedia developers use
programming and development tools like
Macromedia Flash, Dreamweaver, and
Authorware to build interactive content
composed of animation, audio, video and
text, and often have a background in
graphic design. The applications they
develop can be delivered as part of an
interactive web site, a computer-based
training module, or a software demo, for
example.
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Network Administrator:
responsible for managing and maintaining
an organization's Local Area Network
(LAN). Network administrators normally
focus on making sure an organization's
LAN is tuned for optimum performance,
delivering required information to
end-users, and interacting properly with
Wide Area Networks (WANs) like the
Internet. Network administrators must be
proficient with a wide variety of
software and hardware, and normally hold
specialized technical certifications
like Microsoft Certified Systems
Engineer, Certified NetWare Engineer,
and Cisco Certified Networking
Associate.
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Network Engineer:
responsible for the planning, design,
and implementation of Local and Wide
Area Networks (LANs and WANs). Network
engineers usually design and implement
large heterogeneous networks, and are
required to have significant expertise
in designing and administering network
hardware and software from vendors like
Microsoft, Cisco Systems, Nortel
Networks, and CheckPoint. It is not
uncommon for network engineers to hold
certifications such as Microsoft
Certified Systems Engineer, Cisco
Certified Internetworking Expert, or
Certified NetWare Engineer.
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Network Security Analyst:
responsible for designing, implementing
and maintaining an organization's
network and computer security policies.
Network security analysts normally work
side-by-side with network administrators
and engineers to determine areas of
weakness in an organization's security
architecture, and often specify and
implement solutions for controlling
those weaknesses. Network security
analysts are also called upon to shore
up resources and track down hackers when
security breaches occur, and must be
proficient in a number of different
operating systems and protocols to
accomplish these tasks.
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PC Support Specialist:
responsible for assisting end-users,
either remotely or in person, with
personal computer maintenance,
troubleshooting, and management. PC
support specialists utilize broad skills
and knowledge to perform everything from
hardware maintenance to software
upgrades, and normally hold
certifications such as CompTIA's A+
designation.
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Programmer/Analyst:
responsible for designing and
implementing computer information
systems, and for using computer
programming languages to write software
applications for those systems.
Programmer/analysts often work together
with system analysts to design complex
computer systems, and then use
programming languages like C++, Visual
Basic, or Java to write applications
with which end-users can access those
systems.
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Programmer:
responsible for developing computer
programs which allow end-users to
interface directly with computer
operating systems and hardware.
Programmers also play a large role in
developing computer programs which
enable computer-to-computer
communication, sometimes called scripts.
Programming is a specialized skill which
requires training in various types of
programming languages as well as
problem-solving and logic. Programmers
often use languages like Java, C++, and
Visual Basic to write the programs, and
sometimes hold certifications like
Microsoft Certified Solutions Developer
or Sun Certifed Java Developer.
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Software Engineer:
responsible for designing and
programming large-scale computer systems
and applications. Similar to a systems
analyst, software engineers primarily
design and build complex system
software, such as operating systems,
protocol architectures, or databases
upon which application software programs
will run. Software engineers often make
use of complex methodologies like
Object-Oriented Modeling and Design and
rapid application development (RAD)
tools like Rational Rose to build these
large-scale systems; as a result,
software engineering normally requires
formal training in computer science.
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Systems Analyst:
responsible for researching, planning
and recommending software and systems
choices to meet an organization's
business requirements. Systems analysts
are normally responsible for developing
cost analyses, design considerations,
implementation timelines, and generally
feasibility studies of a computer system
before making recommendations to senior
management.
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System Administrator:
responsible for managing an
organization's computer and operating
systems. System administrators, or sys
admins, normally manage and maintain
several large-scale operating systems,
such as UNIX and Microsoft Windows 2000,
and are responsible for making sure that
those operating systems work together,
support end-users' business
requirements, and function properly. Sys
admins are also responsible for the
day-to-day maintenance of an
organization's operating systems,
including backup and recovery, adding
and deleting user accounts, and
performing software upgrades. Sys admins
sometime hold technical certifications
like Microsoft Certified Systems
Engineer or Sun Solaris Certifed
Engineer.
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Technical Writer:
responsible for authoring hardware and
software documentation either for an
organization's internal computer systems
or for third-party vendors. Chief among
a technical writer's responsibilities is
producing user documentation files,
sometimes called "Help" files, which
ship with many popular end-user
applications. Technical writers must
demonstrate solid understanding of
technology, good writing and thinking
skills, and proficiency with authoring
tools like FrameMaker and RoboHelp.
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Web Programmer:
responsible for designing and developing
applications and scripts for the World
Wide Web. Web programmers normally work
in the programming languages common to
the Internet and World Wide Web,
including Java, HTML, XML, JavaScript,
and Perl, and are chiefly responsible
for providing the programming which
makes Web pages interactive or allows
surfers to interact with back-end
applications like databases. Web
programmers are instrumental in making
electronic commerce on the World Wide
Web possible.
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Webmaster:
responsible for the implementation and
administration of a World Wide Web site.
Sometimes called Web administrators,
webmasters normally have very broad
responsibilities which may include
designing an information architecture,
designing and developing web pages, web
scripting and programming, and
overseeing the management of e-commerce
capabilities. Webmasters sometimes hold
certifications such as Certified
Internet Webmaster and may share many of
the same skills common to systems
administrators.
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